In half wave rectification, either the positive or negative half of the AC wave is passed, while the other half is blocked.
A full-wave rectifier converts the whole of the input waveform to one of constant polarity (positive or negative) at its output.
The filter capacitor refers to an energy storage device installed at both ends of the rectifier circuit to reduce the ripple coefficient of AC pulsation and improve the efficient and smooth DC output. A regulated power supply is an electronic circuit that is designed to produce a constant DC power supply or voltage that is independent of the current drawn from the temperature on the top of any variations in the AC line voltage.
An unregulated power supply is the one that provides a predetermined output based on the input and load voltage and even a little variation in the input directly affects the output voltage.
